基于生态文明视角的徐州市现代农业发展路径探析

该文从生态文明与现代农业的关系入手,分析了徐州市现代农业发展基础和存在问题,基于生态文明的视角层面创造性地提出了徐州市现代农业拓展发展路径的对策建议。     

内蒙古农牧业科技创新创业共享服务平台的设计与开发

以内蒙古农牧业科研、生产以及产业发展的实际情况为出发点,以构建协同创新的农牧业科研信息服务体系为规划愿景,充分发挥内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院在种质资源、科研条件、数字化资源等方面的优势,对农牧业生态环境、作物长势、自然灾害、种植养殖技术、病害防治等领域的农牧业数据信息进行采集、整理、分析、共享,融合大数据、智能检索、可视化等新技术,设计开发内蒙古农牧业科技创新创业共享服务平台,为农牧业科学研究以及农牧业产业发展提供有力的信息支撑。     

嘉善县农业机械化适应发展都市农业的配套对策

加入WTO和市场环境的变化对浙江省嘉善县发展都市农业提出了迫切要求，改革开放的不断推进为嘉善县发展都市农业提供了动力．接轨大上海、融入长三角使嘉善县发展都市农业成为必然选择。总结了嘉善县发展都市农业对农业机械化提出的新要求和亟需重点研究、开发、推广的农机业机械技术项目：提出了农业机械化适应发展都市农业的6条配套对策措施。     

以绿色农产品产业化为主线 走生态农业产业化道路的几点思考

结合当前农业和农村现状，论述生态农业产业化对建设社会主义新农村的重要意义，分析当前农业产业化进程中存在的主要问题，从绿色农产品产业化入手，对“以绿色农产品产业化为主线走生态农业产业化道路是适合我国国情的可持续农业发展道路”的策略和方法提出了几点思考。     

论乡村产业振兴

当前,全国上下正在全力推进乡村振兴战略的实施。乡村振兴,产业兴旺是重点。如何实现乡村产业振兴、产业兴旺,这是值得研究的紧迫而现实的重要问题。本文首先从乡村产业振兴在乡村振兴战略中的地位与作用入手分析,对新中国成立70年来中国乡村产业发展的历程进行了简要回顾,并将其划分为4个发展阶段：第一阶段：1949—1977年,传统产业缓慢发展;第二阶段：1978—2000年,乡镇企业异军突起;第三阶段：2001—2011年,新型产业不断涌现;第四阶段：2012年至今,乡村产业绿色“转型”。同时也指出了当前中国乡村产业存在的突出问题,即：产业门类少、生产规模小、产业层次浅、产业链条短、生产效率低、特色产业弱、品牌产业缺、产业环境差、产品质量低和缺乏竞争力。最后,针对上述存在的问题,提出了实施乡村振兴战略、实现乡村产业振兴要遵循的6大原则和10项具体措施,以期为推动实施乡村振兴战略做出积极贡献。     

发展生态农业 促进农业可持续发展

山西省地处黄土高原,农业生产条件差,环境污染也比较严重。要改变农业生产的现状,必须走可持续农业发展的道路。生态农业是在保护环境的基础上,合理优化配置各种生物资源和自然资源的一种高效率的农业生产模式,只有走生态农业的道路才能实现农业的可持续发展。     

Canola genotypes differ in potassium efficiency during vegetative growth

There is no knowledge about the differential capacity of canola genotypes to take up potassium (K) and produce dry matter under conditions of low soil K availability. Hence, 84 canola genotypes were screened for K efficiency in the glasshouse. Plants were grown in sealed pots containing K-responsive, sandy soil without or with K added. Twelve genotypes were selected for advanced screening in the glasshouse in a different K-responsive soil. Genotypes with a mean K efficiency ratio (the ratio of shoot dry weight at deficient and adequate K supply) greater than one standard error above or below the median genotype value were classified as K-efficient or K-inefficient, respectively. There were significant differences between genotypes in the K efficiency ratio in both screening experiments, indicating that genotypes responded differently to K availability. In the initial screening experiment, 19 genotypes were rated as K-efficient and nine genotypes rated as K-inefficient based on the K efficiency ratio. In the advanced screening experiment with 12 genotypes, three genotypes were rated as K-efficient and two as K-inefficient. Genotypes Wesbarker and Rainbow were K-efficient and Genkai K-inefficient in both experiments. Correlation of the K efficiency ratio with (i) shoot K content in the initial and advanced screening and (ii) shoot K concentration in the advanced screening, indicates that the observed differences in K efficiency were due to genotypic differences in both the uptake and the utilization of K. K-efficient genotypes have a potential to improve canola yields on soils with low K availability.     

中国荞麦优势区域布局与发展研究

荞麦是重要的粮食作物和药用植物资源，也中国传统的出口农产品。通过分析中国荞麦生产现状、优势与分布特点，按照荞麦优势区域布局规划原则和指导思想，进行荞麦优势区域布局研究，坚持以市场为导向，以提高荞麦国际市场竞争力为核心，以科技创新与推广为动力，通过品种改良、结构优化、改善品质，强化市场营销，构建具有中国特色的荞麦产业发展体系。提出通过建立荞麦出口生产基地，增加科技投入，培育龙头企业等措施促进中国荞麦产业发展。研究结果对发展中西部特色农业和主产区农民致富具有重要意义。     

The tyranny of taste: the case of organic rice in Cambodia

Fair-trade and organic products are often sold at price premiums justified by smaller production volumes that are associated with greater social and environmental responsibility. The consumption of these products confers on the consumer a greater sense of morality – and usually a claim to better taste. This paper tells the story of attempts to promote organic/fair-trade rice production by de facto organic Cambodian farmers for export to North American and European markets in order to assist poor farmers to trade their way out of poverty. It demonstrates that instead of promoting sustainable agriculture and fair trade between developed and developing markets, organic/fair-trade projects may impose First World consumer ideals and tastes that are out of step with the larger realities of agrarian transition in Cambodia and the wider region of developing Southeast Asia.     

现代农业内涵、特征及发展趋势

现代农业是基于现代产业组织和现代涉农产业系统的培育与完善,横跨一、二、三产业的涉农经济体系,与发达国家农业总产值中占有重要比重的涉农产业(Agribusiness)相当。在科学界定现代农业概念与内涵的基础上,梳理国际涉农产业发展的实践与发展趋势,具有积极的理论和现实意义。